lizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; twenty oneApril 1926 – eightSep 2022) was Queen of the uk and different Commonwealth realms from sixFebruary 1952 till her death in 2022. She was female aristocrat of thirty two sovereign states throughout her period of time and fifteen at the time of her death.[a] Her reign of seventy years and 214 days is that the longest of any British monarch, the longest recorded of any feminine head of state in history, and also the second-longest verified reign of any sovereign in history.
Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, because the1stkid of the Duke and noblewoman of royal house (later King King of England and Queen Elizabeth). Her father acceded to the throne in 1936 upon the abdication of his brother, King King of England, creating Elizabeth the heritor. She was educated in privatereceptionand started to undertake public duties throughout the Second war, serving within the Auxiliary Territorial Service. In Nov 1947, she married Duke of Edinburgh Mountbatten, a former blue blood of Balkan nation and Kingdom of Denmark, and their wedding lasted seventy three years till his death in April 2021. they’d four children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, and Edward.
When her father died in February 1952, Elizabeth—then twenty five years old—became queen of seven freelance Commonwealth countries: the uk, Canada, Australia, New Sjaelland, Republic of South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (known nowadays as Sri Lanka), moreover as Head of the Commonwealth. Elizabeth reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes like the Troubles in European nation, devolution within theuk, the group action of continent, and also the United Kingdom’s accession to the eu Communities and withdrawal from the eu Union. the amount of her realms varied over time as territories gained independence and a few realms became republics. Her several historic visits and conferencesembody state visits to China in 1986, Russia in 1994, and also the Republic of eire in 2011, and conferences with 5 popes.
Significant events embody Elizabeth’s installation in 1953 and also the celebrations of her Silver, Golden, Diamond, and Pt jubilees in 1977, 2002, 2012, and 2022, severally. She Janus-faced occasional republican sentiment and media criticism of her family, significantlywhen the breakdowns of her children’s marriages, her annus horribilis in 1992, and also the death of her former relative-in-law Diana, patrician of Wales, in 1997. She was served by quiteone hundred seventy prime ministers across her realms. Throughout her period of time, support for the autarchywithin theuk remained systematically high, as did her personal quality. Elizabeth died aged ninety six at castle, Aberdeenshire, in Sep 2022, and was succeeded by her eldest son, King Charles III.